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Active materials for Lithium Ion Battery Lithium Titanate(Li4Ti5O12)
LT-105, LT-106, LT-017
By utilizing experienced technologies in titanium dioxide and functional materials businesses, ISK have developed and commercialized lithium titanate for secondary batteries.
Due to slight volume change of lithium titanate stemming from insertion and extraction of Li ions, deterioration of capacity is insignificant. In addition, since charging and discharging voltage is 1.5V (vs Li/Li+), lithium titanate exhibits an advantageous characteristic that does not easily cause sub-reactions such as decomposition of electrolyte and deposition of lithium metal by rapid charging and discharging. Lithium titanate enables to design batteries with the following characteristics.
- High safety / Long life
- Rapid charging and discharging
3 grades as follows are available depending on required properties.
■Charging and discharging curves of Li4Ti5O12
Basic Properties
| Grades | SSA (m²/g) | Bulk Density (g/cm³) | Tap Density (g/cm³) | Median Diameter (µm) | Initial Capacity (mAh/g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LT-105 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 7.3 | 169 |
| LT-106 | 10.9 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 6.9 | 171 |
| LT-017 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 20.5 | 173 |
* Above Data are typical properties and not to be construed as specifications.
* Initial capacity is defined as the capacity when inserting Li+ at the second cycle.
Battery Properties (Example data)
(1) Cycle Properties
Since there is almost no stretching of crystal lattice by insertion and extraction of Li ions, all grades tested exhibit 90% or more capacity retention even after 600 cycles of charging and discharging.
(2) Rate Property
Lithium titanate is excellent in not only safety and long life but also high current property. Lithium titanate enables to design materials of batteries so that high rate required for HEV can be obtained.
(3) Particle Size Distribution
The particle size of lithium titanate can be controlled depending on customers' requirement, for example, large particle size for higher packing of active materials and small particle size for thinner thickness of electrode.
